The taste is sweet and sour fresh made fruit strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, red blackberry, and black courant much preferred. Fruits from different families but are categorized give this match live in cold regions. At night, the temperature range is ideal for plants give 13-14 degrees Celsius, whereas when the day around 23-24 degrees Celsius.
Temperatures were quite cold at night needed to trigger flower initiation processes, whereas during the day crops berries, especially strawberries, require sufficient sunlight for fotosintensis and fruit ripening process. To get a strawberry fruit quality, ranging from the planting to fruit treatment must be considered with care.
Usually, planting strawberry traditionally done by relying on soil media with technique or also called mulch. This technique is commonly used because it is easy and cheap. Farmers make only a mound covered with plastic that has been hollowed out. Before the closed plastic, soil fertilized with certain levels. After that, the plastic is spread to cover the soil as a growing medium.
Although relatively simple, this way memunyai deficiency. Because the land is planted continuously to experience burnout and contains microorganisms that can become pests to the plants. To overcome these shortcomings, developed hydroponic system. ? The Indonesian planting strawberries with hydroponics systems begin to bloom since 2000,? Dada said Gusyana, Production Supervisor PT Strawberindo Lestari, strawberry producers.
Strawberry Cultivation with Hidroponic Technical
For other plants, hydroponic techniques have been developed much earlier. Referring to its origin, the term hydroponics or hydroponics originated from Latin, hydromeaning water and ponos meaning labor. In general, hydroponic system means a system of arable land without the use of media, but the use of water containing a nutrient solution.
When compared with traditional cultivation systems, this system has several advantages, namely the density of plants per unit area can be multiplied so as to save the use of land, the assurance of product quality, good shape, size, flavor, color, and cleanliness for the nutritional needs of plants supplied in a controlled manner in in the greenhouse. In addition, the hydroponic system does not recognize the season or time of planting so that crops can be set according to the market needs.
In the development of hydroponics, there are two types of media used, the media and the media nontanah water. The definition of nontanah media is sand, rice husk charcoal, zeolite, rockwoll, peat and coconut coir. While the media are usually water containing nutrients or fertilizers as a circulating medium.
In the aqueous media, plant roots partially submerged to a depth of about three millimeters. This method is often referred to as Nutrient Film Technical (NFT). ? Media that is suitable both for the plants give because if something goes wrong in nourishing the plants will not immediately collapse,? Dada said that also give hydroponics to grow plants in the Region Cipanas, West Java.
Actually, technically hydroponic cultivation system on strawberries do not vary much with hydroponic systems in other plants. What makes it special, strawberry hydroponic systems typically use a medium weathered wood. The media serves as a counterweight buffer or if there is a change in water temperature and there is an excess or deficiency of nutrients at the time of fertilization.
Another planting medium that is often used, among others, rice husk and coconut fibers. The manufacturing process begins with how to roast both the ingredients in the pan or on top of a layer of zinc. This process must be done carefully, lest the material burned to ashes. Charcoal or coconut husk fibers which have been cold and then put into a small polybag as the seeding medium and large polybag for enlargement process.
The next process which has been given seedlings ready for planting put into polybag and given nutrients in accordance with the right dose. The provision of these nutrients, said Dada, must be adapted to the breeding, growth, and fertilization. Nutrients that have been dissolved in water and then distributed to the media through a network of micro irrigation. The network can drip nutrient media to directly absorbed by the plant.
The amount of electrical conductivity (EC) or the conduction of electricity used to run the micro irrigation network range 1.1 to 1.5 mS / cm. In this way, the reaction of plants to changes in fertilizer formulas can be immediately seen. Therefore, the power supply must always be available for 24 hours.
In terms of maintenance, hydroponic system provides convenience. Because the farmer does not have to bother replacing the media every time you plant strawberries. After the fruit is harvested, gutters or as a container plant pots can be cleaned with a washed or brushed. Once clean, the container can be filled with new seedlings. And so on.
Hydroponic systems also provide other advantages, namely to produce better quality fruit. Because, by way of hydroponics, both size and taste of the fruit can be engineered as expected, dependent on nutrition. ? If the size is not big enough fruit, can be added if the nitrogen content is less sweet and can be coupled calcium,? Dada chimes.
Green House
Except that kind berkambium blueberries and a large tree, a requirement to make give hydroponic green house must be a well-ordered. Green house serves as a vehicle for crop protection. In the green house plants regulated temperature, humidity, air pressure, and the degree of acidity (pH) were adjusted to give the plant needs. Suitable acidity to give the plants ranged from five to six, except blueberries matched with a pH of four to five.
The treatment was intended that all the controlled plant growth, away from various diseases, as well as free from the influence of the weather outside is not friendly. In addition, in order to continuity of production plants running well. In planting strawberries, temperature regulation plays an important role. Therefore, usually the green house is equipped with a propeller or fan function for air circulation, especially if the daytime temperature in the green house too hot.
If all requirements have been met, the conception that begins with the development of flowers will be faster. Usually at this time deployed thousands of bees Melivera type into the green house. Intended that the spread of bee stamen to pistil fertilization is complete. Without the help of bees, the stamens to the pistil of the transfer will not happen because of lack of wind in the green house. Of the cost of production, setting up a green house somewhat more efficient. Because the use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides can be reduced.
According to Dada, give the plants grown in the green house in need of a light with a wavelength of about 400? 700 nanometers (Photosynthetically Active Radiation). For that, it takes cover in accordance with the wavelength range. In order to support this requirement, fiberglass and polyethylene material is required. If using acrylic and polycarbonate materials tend to pass on the light, not meyebarkannya.
